[email\u00a0protected]<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n\nEn los primeros siete meses del a\u00f1o, Petr\u00f3leos Mexicanos (Pemex) report\u00f3 una dr\u00e1stica ca\u00edda en ingresos por la venta interna de todo tipo de petrol\u00edferos, tanto en volumen como en valor, por 72 mil 331 millones de pesos, comparado con lo que gan\u00f3 en igual periodo, pero de 2018.<\/p>\n
\nEn esos primeros 212 d\u00edas de 2019, los mexicanos redujeron sus consumos en 12.5% de gasolinas, 14.3% de diesel, 2.6% de turbosina, 30% de gas natural, 9.9% gas licuado de petr\u00f3leo (LP) y 31.5% menos de asfaltos, entre los m\u00e1s importantes.<\/p>\n
\nCuatro de estos productos explican en buena medida la ca\u00edda de ingresos de la petrolera: las gasolinas, diesel, gas LP y gas natural, pues en ellos recae el peso del desplome de ventas internas de enero a julio.<\/p>\n
\nPemex ya hab\u00eda alertado sobre esta situaci\u00f3n en su informe sobre la situaci\u00f3n financiera correspondiente al primer semestre de 2019:<\/p>\n
\n\u201cLa empresa observ\u00f3 una disminuci\u00f3n de 14.4% en las ventas nacionales, explicada por una baja en los precios de las gasolinas y diesel; y una disminuci\u00f3n en los vol\u00famenes de venta de estos combustibles, debido a la p\u00e9rdida de mercado por la entrada de nuevos competidores\u201d.<\/p>\n
\nAl cierre de 2016, antes de la apertura del mercado como parte de la reforma energ\u00e9tica, la petrolera dispon\u00eda de 11 mil 578 estaciones de servicio como parte de la franquicia Pemex y de sus propias gasolineras, con las cuales distribu\u00eda 822.6 mil barriles diarios del combustibles.<\/p>\n
\nPara junio de este a\u00f1o, dispone de 9 mil 161 estaciones, entre franquicia, propias y de sublicenciamiento \u20142 mil 417 estaciones menos que ya son operadas por privados\u2014 las cuales tienen capacidad para distribuir 729.2 mil barriles diarios.<\/p>\n
\nEs decir, hay 100 mil barriles diarios de gasolinas distribuidas por firmas que compiten con Pemex.<\/p>\n
\nLa ca\u00edda del mercado interno para Pemex \u201csupone una menor movilidad del transporte privado, de carga, pasaje… producto del estancamiento de la econom\u00eda\u201d, explico Rams\u00e9s Pech, analista del sector energ\u00e9tico y socio de Caraiva y Asociados.<\/p>\n
\nEn el caso de las gasolinas y diesel es claro que los aumentos han desalentado su consumo, agreg\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\nDetall\u00f3, por ejemplo, que desde que se inici\u00f3 la liberalizaci\u00f3n de precios, a partir de enero de 2017, a julio de este a\u00f1o, el precio de gasolina Magna se ha estado incrementando a raz\u00f3n de 17 centavos por mes; la Premium, 19 centavos por mes, y el diesel 21 centavos por mes.<\/p>\n
\nOtro factor, agreg\u00f3, es la p\u00e9rdida de mercados por la creciente participaci\u00f3n de competidores, sobre todo en la comercializaci\u00f3n de gasolinas y diesel a trav\u00e9s de privados.<\/p>\n
\nLas compa\u00f1\u00edas distribuidoras de gas LP le quitaron el mercado a Pemex, pues la base de su suministro son importaciones, subray\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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