Chicago.\u2014 <\/strong>El banco central estadounidense vigila \u201cde cerca\u201d los efectos que tiene sobre la econom\u00eda nacional la guerra comercial emprendida por el presidente Donald Trump, intensificada recientemente contra China y M\u00e9xico.<\/p>\n\n\u201cVigilamos de cerca el impacto que los acontecimientos pueden tener en las perspectivas de crecimiento de la econom\u00eda de Estados Unidos, y, como siempre, actuaremos para apoyar la expansi\u00f3n\u201d, dijo Jerome Powell, presidente de la Reserva Federal (Fed), en un discurso en Chicago.<\/p>\n
\nEsta es la primera vez que el jefe de la Fed se pronuncia sobre la guerra comercial despu\u00e9s de que Trump anunciara el pasado 30 de mayo la imposici\u00f3n de aranceles de 5% a partir del 10 de junio a todos los productos mexicanos.<\/p>\n
\nPara evitar estas tasas a las exportaciones, la Casa Blanca exige al gobierno del presidente mexicano, Andr\u00e9s Manuel L\u00f3pez Obrador, medidas para frenar el flujo de migrantes indocumentados que llegan a la frontera sur estadounidense.<\/p>\n
\nDe no hacerlo, Trump aumentar\u00e1 los aranceles en cinco puntos porcentuales mensualmente hasta un tope de 25% para el 1 de octubre.<\/p>\n
\nEl anuncio de Trump suscita fuertes temores sobre el crecimiento de Estados Unidos, ya que las econom\u00edas de ambos pa\u00edses est\u00e1n integradas desde la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Libre Comercio de Am\u00e9rica Latina (TLCAN) en 1994.<\/p>\n
\nDurante una visita a Londres, el presidente estadounidense volvi\u00f3 a exigir a M\u00e9xico que ponga fin a lo que considera una \u201cinvasi\u00f3n\u201d.<\/p>\n
\nLos temores de estas medidas sobre la econom\u00eda de Estados Unidos son lo suficientemente fuertes como para que los pol\u00edticos republicanos intenten bloquear la medida, aun a riesgo de enfurecer a Trump.<\/p>\n
\nSer\u00edan \u201cidiotas\u201d si tratan de frenar la medida, advirti\u00f3 a sus correligionarios el presidente.<\/p>\n
\nLa Casa Blanca ha abierto este nuevo frente con M\u00e9xico en un momento en que los intentos por solucionar el conflicto con China parecen estar en punto muerto.<\/p>\n
\nTrump subi\u00f3 de 10% a 25% los aranceles a productos chinos por valor de 200 mil millones de d\u00f3lares despu\u00e9s de considerar que Pek\u00edn incumplir\u00eda las promesas hechas durante las negociaciones.<\/p>\n
\nWashington tambi\u00e9n ha prohibido comercializar con el gigante de las telecomunicaciones chino Huawei por su supuesta colaboraci\u00f3n con los servicios de inteligencia
de Pek\u00edn.<\/p>\n
\nPowell tambi\u00e9n remarc\u00f3 las inquietudes que genera en la instituci\u00f3n la baja inflaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
\n\u201cMis colegas en el FOMC (el comit\u00e9 monetario de la Fed que fija las tasas) y yo nos tomamos muy en serio el riesgo de que la disminuci\u00f3n sostenida de la inflaci\u00f3n, incluso en un contexto de econom\u00eda s\u00f3lida, pueda precipitar una desviaci\u00f3n a la baja dif\u00edcil de detener en las expectativas de inflaci\u00f3n\u201d, dijo Powell.<\/p>\n
\nLa evoluci\u00f3n de los precios ha sido m\u00e1s baja durante meses que el objetivo de 2%, nivel que la Fed considera favorable para el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico. Los directivos del banco central tienen problemas para explicar este fen\u00f3meno, ya que Estados Unidos est\u00e1 experimentando pleno empleo, el crecimiento anual se mantuvo en 3.1% en el primer trimestre y las tasas de inter\u00e9s se mantienen en niveles modestos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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